The following are the outputs of the captioning taken during an IGF intervention. Although it is largely accurate, in some cases it may be incomplete or inaccurate due to inaudible passages or transcription errors. It is posted as an aid, but should not be treated as an authoritative record.
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>> ZHANG FANG: OK. Let's start. Distinguished leaders, guests, ladies and gentlemen. Good afternoon. Welcome to the number 30, open forum of this year, United Nations Internet Governance Forum. The theme of this open forum is intelligent society governance based on experimentalism.
From the Institute of Intelligent Society Governance. I will be the on‑site moderator of today's forum. I would like to extend my warmest welcome on behalf of the organizer to all the guests and participants here on site and online. We're very honored to have six guests with us. Four will join with us online. They are Mr Deputy general director of bureau of the information technology development cyberspace administration of China. Professor of the Institute of Intelligent Society Governance and director of think tank centre of Zhejiang university. Special adviser to the president of the new development bank, and he's also the former Minister of Tourism of Brazil.
Of the Institute of Intelligent Society Governance. She's also professor at the school of public administration and director of the development of information resource management of university. And we are honored to have two guests join with us on‑site.
They are Mr Simon Marvin, professor at the Urban Institute of the University of Sheffield.
And we also have Mr Xu Zhiyuan, deputy chief engineer of China academy of information and communications technology.
We also have experts and scholars who are joining us at cyberspace administration of China in Beijing. Warmly welcome everyone.
As we have shown on our website, this open forum will focus on both governance, pilots and policy experiments carried out by both developed and developing countries in artificial intelligence, and emerging digital fields. The discussion will be around how to improve the governance model and how to keep up with the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence technologies.
Based on cross‑national experience. We have already invited six distinguished experts and scholars today to share and exchange ideas in the field of intelligent society governance. We hope we can pull their efforts and brainstorm together to contribute wisdom and policy implications to intelligent society governance. And now inviting dep general Director of the Bureau of information technology development, cyberspace administration of China to deliver a speech. Welcome.
>> Distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen. Good afternoon. Welcome to the 18th Internet Governance Forum open forum, themed Intelligent Society Governance Based on Experimentalism. I'm delighted to get together with you all here on behalf of the information informitation development bureau of Cyberspace Administration of China. I would like to thank you for your participation and especially thank you to Japan, the host country interest this year's forum.
A new round of transformational ‑‑ artificial intelligence is promoting the rapid development of economy in society. In particular the emergence of intelligent technology such as Chat GPT post challenges to human beings with powerful computing and learning ability. Affecting all aspect of social and economic development. Empowering human beings to turn into new intelligent society. Path for Internet Governance will become important for the era. We encourage all parties to strengthen the Research & Development of AI technology while focusing on addressing ethical issues to balance technology, progress, and social stability. The Chinese government audience to AI on social development.
AI is an important driving force for new round of scientific and technological collaboration and call for promoting deep integration of AI with social development prupoling healthy development of ‑‑ China has made a good effort on Internet Society governance. Intelligent society governance around a key livelihood area such as education, healthcare and early elite care.
Operation models, laws and regulation standards and informs, mechanisms for intelligent society in advance, which has achieved results. Given this opportunity I would like to share with you some thoughts on governance and ongoing work. Firstly, advocate a strong push for AI powered strength and integration with AI with public services such as elite care, education, Social Security and sports. Government departments to meet the needs of safeguarding and ‑‑ creating a better life for people. We suggest strengthening the research and prevention of potential riskups during AI development promoting studies on the laws ethics, establishing and improving laws and regulations to ensure healthy development of AI. Forming ethical norms for ‑‑ safeguarding people's interest in national security. Certainly we encourage international exchanges and ‑‑ philosophy for building a shared future for mankind, we should adhere to the principal for social good.
Achieve different development and win, win ‑‑ share experience of intelligent society governance, with other countries. Learning from each other. To complement comprehensive strength. And today from the forum, we have a platform for global intelligence society governance. We have professor Simon Jonathan Marvin from University of Sheffield.
Alessandro Golombiewski Teixeira is special adviser to New Development Bank. Professor ‑‑ deputy chief engineer, from ‑‑ I hope the opportunities will brainstorm and inspire each other with your great minds and discuss around the Best Practice for the future. We're willing to strengthen ‑‑ guide the multiholders to actively engage together to facilitate a better future ‑‑ ‑‑ society with human care. Thank you.
>> ZHANG FANG: OK. Thanks to director for the wonderful speech. A pace that really reflects the rapid development of the artificial intelligence
(Laughter)
Which highlights the importance of the topic today. Now I will invite professor of the Institute of Intelligent Society Governance of Zhejian University. Intelligent society governance. Please welcome.
>> Expert scholars, ladies and gentlemen. Good afternoon. It gives me pleasure to participate in the 18th IGF open forum to share with friends around the world about the experience of intelligent social governance and new achievements. Currently, a new round of technology revolution, industrial transformation driven by AI is rapidly reconstructing the global innovation landscape. Reshaping of civilization order and intelligent transformation of a human society. Human beings are transforming from a traditional industrial society to an intelligent society based on technical progress and revolution. And the intelligent society has touched, there is parts of the world that people from different countries and regions have actively explored and accumulated reach, practical experience, intelligent social governance based on the actualization of each region.
For example in Africa, artificial intelligence technology helps farmers to predict weather analyse crop growth and serve agriculture development. In South America, doctors able to detect early tuberculosis. It has provided support for people in education, such as language learning and skill training, transforming the learning pattern of mankind.
And in recent years, various reasons in China have also extensively carried out the practice of using AI technology to solve social problems. In an ordinary community in China, an information technology based ‑‑ issue system has inspired residents to participate in groths level of ‑‑ grassroots movements ‑‑ accessibility of public services, in vast and sparsely populated grassland and pastoral areas. The technologies such as the facial recognition, automatic feeding and electronic fences have overturned people's imagination of grazing life. Herders have ‑‑ screens and improvement of past ‑‑ change in production, organization and lifestyle and beautiful mountain village of southern province has reshaped the trust mechanism of rural society. The cohesion of the village and at the same time, empowered the vulnerable groups, helping achieve closer development on the countricide. On the vast black land in northeast China, skyland, road ‑‑ road sensor technology is used to carry out multiple element and creating a smart [inga|ag] roculture ‑‑ ‑‑ agricultural technology innovation and demonstration applications. Although the intelligent technology brings more precise and effective public services allowing people to enjoy the morning convenience and efficiency. At the same time, the transformation of intelligent society has brought serious problems and challenges to the legal privacy, moral ethics, public governance and other aspects of human society. Narrowing the digital gap, obstacles humanity must overcome when moving towards an intelligent society. Last year Chat GPT emerged with greater impact and systematic ‑‑ three operating mechanisms of human society. First of all GPT will reshape, the knowledge production and adherence and verification mechanisms of human society. It's not about generating content, but about generating knowledge and long standing mechanism of knowledge generation human subjectivity and intelligence and initiatives have been established.
Knowledge production ‑‑ IGC has broken the central subject position of human in knowledge production, promoting significant changes in the subject mold and form of knowledge production. The traditional mechanism of ‑‑ community ‑‑ verification of knowledge has been completely overturned. Secondly, Chat GPT will overturn the trust mechanism of human society. Trust is the cornerstone of human society. The emergence of Chat GPT forces us to start thinking about whether AI has taken on the realistically dominate position in ‑‑ emergence of the humanoid artificial intelligence has made us increasingly fragile and lacking and may challenge and replace humanity has essential subject to the traditional trust system changing the trust mechanism from the bottom.
Thirdly, Chat GPT will deconstruct the authority generation mechanism of human society. As human dependence on AI, artificial intelligence will first establish knowledge authority by ‑‑ traditional authority, and even the authority and the controller ‑‑ strong artificial intelligence can gain supreme authority and absolutely monopoly, power thereby affecting human judgments and ideologies and challenging ‑‑ ‑‑ faced with risk and challenges that are the new technology represented by Chat GPT will bring, we need to respond with prudence, confidence and positive attitude, using scientific and evidence‑based method to comprehensively analyse and promote healthy development. On the basis of long‑term research my colleagues and I took the lid in launching the initiative of conducting AI social experiment, exploring the PATH of the intelligent social governance in China in 2019. This initiative has received strong support and active participation from the Chinese government industry and academia and officially has been included in the national policy documents. Now China has established 92 national governance social experiment basis in 22 provinces across the country and conclude AI social experiment ‑‑ development of AI in the country.
Established the intelligent social government research institute. And has carried out long cycle tracking, observation and research on the topics such as AI enabled urban and rural governance, digital addiction in cyberspace and generative AI and the reshaping of the knowledge production process, following the research pass of AI social experiments. Meanwhile, university as the main organization of the Secretariat has set up a national standardization technical organization. National standardization working group of social application, intelligent technology, and has promoted free study and attracting of national standards.
Dear friends and experts. The world is in a situation of rich changes, unprecedented in a century, and we are on a new journey towards intelligent society. At present the topic of intelligent society governance has been included into IGF for two consecutive years, indicating the high recognition and affirmation of international community for these work. With the rapid development of information technology. The problems environment ‑‑ refugees, as well as poverty and conflict in regions are still common challenges in front of us. Promoting the wide application of smart technologies and intelligent technologies and building a smart society with a humanistic temperature will be important to meet these challenges and we should further enhance the capacity building of especially in developing countries and regions. We should use AI technology to promote public services and contribute to social equality, healthcare, energy conservation and emission reduction. We should further strengthen academic in the field of ‑‑ diversified and inclusive conferences. And explore the standardization so that we can draw upon the advanced practices and Best Practices so as to apply the theories and practices. That's all for my presentation. Thank you very much for your listening.
>> ZHANG FANG: Great. Thanks to professor for his very inspiring talks on China's intelligent society governance experiments. Now let's give the floor to Mr Simon Marvin, professor at the Urban Institute of the University of University of Sheffield, and architecture and design and planning. His topic is urban artificial intelligence and the robotics, comparative learning from experiments. Welcome.
>> SIMON MARVIN: Thank you. Sorry, I'm not used to talking into a microphone. Yeah, thanks very much to the institute for the invitation to talk to you today. It's been great to be able to attend this conference, to hear some of the latest thinking [ut|about] digital technology ‑‑ about digital technologies. In this session, what I want to do, is do many of you go to the first session this morning? The introductory session?
If so, I thought it was a really interesting snapshot of the state of the debate about urban AI and emerging technologies. I thought it was really interesting. One of the things that struck me was that it didn't really say very much about where do these emerging technologies happen.
And I was just thinking there, I'm in an urban ‑‑ I'm an urban geographer, so I'm interested in the interrelationship between technological change and urban life.
Given the importance of the SDG, particularly SDG 11, which is clearly quite important in this workshop in terms of the debates. It's interesting where does the urban and where does the community come into this agenda. When you think about it, these technological systems we're talking about, they layer, and we experience them through our interaction with private, retail, insurance, and public services, health and education in particular places. So I'm quite interested in trying to understand how technological change shapes the possibilities of how we live our lives in the future. And there's a couple of books with colleagues that we've done. The one ‑‑ the red one, urban operating systems, is available free as a free download from MIT Press. If anybody is interested. I'm not trying to sell any books.
So what I'm particularly interested in is if I think if we had been talking at this conference five years ago, we would have been talking about smart cities and smart technologies. And I'm really intrigued how the debate has shifted. So there's a big debate at the moment, partly with the Hiroshima protocol that's being developed around AI technologies. But actually, if you look at some of the sessions and you look at the exhibition downstairs, there's actually a lot around robotics, about technologies that interface with humans, not on screens, but actually in‑person, face to face technologies.
And I'm particularly interested in the shift that's taken place from smart to AI and to robotic technologies. And the way the urban context is being seen as a site of demonstration, experimentation and living labs, and when of the chal ‑‑ some of the challenges it represents as thee systems start to get integrated with healthcare, urban planning, education, policing robots.
And this question of sort of like, how do these new technologies interact with the urban. What needs to change in the urban context to fit robots? So there's lots of discussions and debates about the spatial congestion of urban areas as being very difficult for robots to negotiate and navigate.
But more interestingly, how do they relate to questions of urban management, urban monitoring, facial recognition, the use of senses and a whole sear ‑‑ censors and a whole series of decision‑making technologies that claim to more effectively make urban life more safer, more secure, more resilient. I think all of these claims need to be subject to some scrutiny.
And I think in order to do that, we need this comparative perspective that's informed this particular session. And I think what's interesting, when you start to look internationally, nation states who are prioritizing the development of AI and robotics, often utilize their urban system and their urban context as test beds. So Japan's very interesting. Japan has this system called Tooku, which is a series of national strategic sites. Where the regulatory system, the planning, employment legislation, is suspended so that companies can experiment with robotic systems.
It's a really interesting attempt to try to constitute spaces of innovation in hopes that learning can then accelerate the development of the Japanese economy. There's a number of examples of the use of these, ina tonemous vehicles ‑‑ autonomous vehicles, drones, healthcare and policing robots. This signals the urban context is actually seen as really quite important by nation states, in providing sites to learn about how these systems, or the claims of these systems, realized in practice. Or what new problems start to occur when you roll out those technologies.
Another example is smart Dubai, which has this very ambitious programme to infuse AI into the fabric of the city's operating systems. Using groundbreaking technologies as a blueprint for futures. They don't have a digital AI and robotics capacity, so the test bed there is constituted through inviting international companies to come and demonstrate and test these technologies in the Dubai context. So a very different system for trying to work through the possibilities of these technologies, and a very particular set of application focuses to the work that they do.
Another example we've been doing work is San Francisco, because of its proximity to Silicon Valley, has a really large number of innovative delivery and robotic companies who want to experiment with robots in the streets of San Francisco.
It's a very active public and civic movement, who wants to protect those streets. And there's been some really quite interesting conflicts around the use of robotics for delivery. Policing robots. Even robots being attacked in the streets because people are very unhappy about these. In that context, San Francisco city has attempted to develop an emerging technology working group to try to think about ways of regulating these sorts of systems.
So clearly there's very different ways in which these systems can be applied. And huge diversity in the regulatory system. The regulatory system is being invented almost as these systems are being tested and demonstrated in realtime. I think that's highly problematic. So what are the implications of this?
I think we need ‑‑ well, it's a research and a societal issue. And that's what I liked about the call that the institute had done for this session. It requires a research agenda about what do these sorts of emerging technologies mean, how do we identify the leading cities they are experimenting with these applications, and why. And we need to do that comparatively across very, very different contexts, as you have been ‑‑ as you've seen from some of these experiments. What can we learn from these first mover experiments that might inform how we regulate and manage these technologies? Why does this matter? It matters for three reasons. These applications are generally, have been so far very limited. But actually, there is more ‑‑ higher levels of experimentation. There's no new geographies, new entrants and new coalitions emerging around that. The regulatory issues are not really ‑‑ the regulatory issues are being made up. There's a sort of ‑‑ it's a little bit like the Airbnb issues about these disruptive technologies that preempt the constitution of a regulatory framework.
So we need to learn from these test beds and regulatory zones. I think this points as professor Xu talked about, about a post‑human city in which we really need to understand how the relationship between human and machinic decision‑making is being changed. And how we don't necessarily see those as being very simple black and white changes, but what level of human oversight and human input do we want to include in these systems.
Critical importance is how we do that and assist where we learn comparatively, across these different contexts. Thank you very much.
(Applause)
>> ZHANG FANG: Great. Thanks to our professor Simon Marvin for his great talk. Which actually help us to point out the future direction for the application of artificial intelligence and the robots in urban governance.
Next, let's welcome Mr Alessandro Teixeira, the special adviserto the President of the new BRICS development bank, and distinguished professor of school of public policy. Let's welcome him to give a speech. Welcome.
>> ALESSANDRO TEIXEIRA: Experimentalism. We gonna talk a little bit about insights from cross‑country experience. And that's very, very important, because when we are talking about intelligent society, there is a concept. The world is facing difficult moments. Especially the last developments lately, with the necessity to improve its development conditions. And of course, the concept of intelligent society, where we use more efficiency, our resources, it's very important. But I would like to start saying that the development of science technology is (?) For us to achieve intelligent society. One of the tools or key drivers for this is what we call artificial intelligence.
Artificial intelligence is the enabler for our society to have this profound transformation and change that human social behavior, and also integration, not only between the humans, but also with our environment.
So this elements that makes intelligent society important, is changing not only our leaping space, but basically raising a new form of civilization that we can understand a little bit better in the near future. Intelligent society is based, as I said in artificial intelligence as the first and one of the main pillars or driving forces. Is based also on a data as the resource. When we get data from different locations.
And also, the Internet as the carrier. This moment that we are discussing future of our society is based on the digital economy, and digital data processing. So the digital data processing is the foundation. And I'm going to give you some examples that is going to change forever the way the humans communicate to themselves and communicate with the different things.
The Internet of everything, or Internet of all things are completely changing the way that we live our lives. So there is a big question, how is going to be the society of the future? Hopefully the society of the future is going to be intelligent. Why? Number one, because as social organization pattern is different from what we call industrial society.
In two basic aspects. The number one is that what we call highly integrated society. Let's go back ten years ago, 20 years ago, and see how we interact with ourselves? Let's see, that's probably 20 years ago, was not possible, and being in another country talking to you today.
This integrative society is based on intelligent technology that makes our life easier, more comfortable, and faster. But we can never forget that behind these artificial intelligence, is the human intelligence. We can only build robots, Internet of things, artificial intelligence, process data, if we have development of human intelligence. So the driving force between the machine intelligence are still humans, because there is a lot of talk. A lot of people ask, OK, the intelligent society of the future is going to be beneficial for human or we're going to deal with robots?
Like this futuristic movies. And I always say that the two, the machine intelligence, can coexist with the human intelligence, and if the machines act in the way that is proper, is because we as human, we can manage and delivery and programme the machines to do that. That's the first element. Highly integrate society.
The second element is that the social structure evolution and restructuring. And when I say that, people not only ask why professor, we have a restructuring of our society? Because basically, functions. For example, teaching. Foreseeing the future that maybe I'm not sitting here. It maybe is going to be a robot with my face, talking to you.
And this evolution, not only machine learning, OK? Is based, because we are restructuring the way we teach, the way we learn. And this is a basic element of the intelligent society. The interaction between real and virtual society has created a new space for humanity.
Has created a new way of doing things. These interactions, replacing the traditional communication, has impact to our lives daily. And it's very, very easy to see that. I have a 6 years old child, and she spends, if I let her, at least 50% of her time on the phone. On the social ‑‑ not only social networks, but also navigate in the Internet and doing things that before, I could not imagine. For example, doing e‑commerce. Buying things that she wants.
Or looking to the fridge and replace things that is missing. And she buying that with only 16 years old. Or talking to her friends. So this new interpersonal communication creates a new social and I would say interaction, not only between people, but having more autonomy, adaptation, transparency, openness. Get information faster. So all those elements are two basic functions or two basic characteristics of this intelligent society. Number one is the high integrate society, as I said. Number two is this new social structure or restructuring of the social networks that you have.
Of course, the big question about this is how this influence, from my perspective, development. How this can change the way we see cities, provinces, countries. Of course, we have, and I'm going to bring you some examples of how this is changing. As I said, it's changing our personal life. But also is trying to set a new set of rules in terms of the value. A good example of that is what Singapore has been doing in terms of the smart nation.
Smart nation is an initiative by the government of Singapore to use information and communications technologies, creating networks, create tech‑enabled solutions to improve the life of the Singapore citizens. One of the elements of this is what they call smart nation and digital government. And for that, they set up a government technology agency that is under the Prime Minister of Singapore, and (?) The nation's digital identity framework. So basically the concept is to achieve a digital society, you need to have a digital economy, and you need to have a digital environment.
So for example, try to integrate everything. To integrate using digitalisation of the economy. Bite by bite. System by system. This is strategic national project, is the foundation of the future of Singapore society.
So someone can say, OK, professor, but Singapore is small country. But that's a very good pilot other initiatives that we have around the world. So in the case of Singapore, they think, OK, how can I make my business more digital? So we're saying good business strategy is to make all the business sector to access the government websites, portals, resources, digitally. We have another element that is a share of digital platform between government agencies, private sector.
And it is very cost‑effective. Epayments. And then you have a final one that the government is using called life SG. That allows you to easily access government services.
So for example, why you need to get out of your home to go to a bureau of the government to do your ID or to do your passport if you can upload everything. So the idea in Singapore is to use the government services and different virtual spaces to make the life of the citizens more connected, easier.
Of course, this is one of the examples of how you can do this. But there is a bunch of different examples in terms of trying to improve not only the service from the government, but your life. OK?
Using smart nation sensor platform, that can help, for example, driving. I always tell my students that the future of the car industry is not anymore like we imagined ten years ago, 20 years ago. That when you go buy a car, you just need to look and see the engine. Now when you go buy a car, what criteria you choose the car? It's not how many horses the car have. It's kind of what communication package, what kind of systems they have. So there is a convergence. An industry, a car industry is not anymore a mechanical industry. Now it's a technological communication industry.
So those industries, they need to develop new capabilities. They need to communicate different. So probably in the future, the next generation will not buy a car. We are going to buy a drone. And the only way that this can work if we are fully integrated. If our sensors in the car, in the traffic lights, in the city, communicate itself. That's why it's one of the main basis of intelligent society.
So we are talking about urban mobility, we are talking about intelligent housing. And this has everything to do with the possibility of another big issue that we are talking, is about climate change.
And that's what we need to be sure, there is no improvements or no reduction of C02 emissions without digitalisation of the economy. And you're going to say but why, profess ‑‑ but why professor? We need intelligent society to deliver the results that we have. When we go back to the 7 SDGs that was set up quite a long time ago for United Nations and we realized none of them we had achieved.
One of the reasons is because we are not taking serious the next step of intelligent society. Only through intelligent society, only through using technology for good we can do that.
Thank you so much for the invitation for this important event. And I hope we can come up with brilliant ideas for the future of our human race. Thank you very, very much.
>> ZHANG FANG: Good. Thanks to professor. Such a passionate speech. Now I will invite professor Huang Cui, the dean ‑‑ to give a speech. The title of the speech is China's experiment exploration in education fields. Welcome.
>> Distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen. Good afternoon. It gives me great pleasure to have the opportunity to communicate with you today and participate in the 18th IGF open forum. The topic is the intelligent society governance based on experimentalism. Experienced from different nations.
So I'm glad to share with you some of the practical explorations in the field of education governance in China. Integration for digital technology and education is driving the changes and ecological reconstruction in the global education field since 2018, the Chinese government has released China education modernization 2035 education and formatization 2.0 action plan as well as the documents on promoting the construction of new education infrastructure, needing a high quality education support system, guiding principles, as well as other education reform.
The year 2022 is very important for the digital transformation of education in China. At the beginning of 2022 at the national education conference, the action of implementing the digital education strategy was proposed, with aims to accelerate the digital transformation of education and support the high quality of that, was in the inform ‑‑ education. This strategic plan emphasizes the demand oriented approach, transformation of educational concept and updating of the educational paradigm, the innovation of teaching processes and transformation of the evaluation method. Applying intelligent technology to new infrastructure, educational sources, teaching method, in order to approach educational fairness, achieve lifelong education and form a cycle of educational ecosystems. In the implementation of China's national education, the national smart education public service platform has played a key role. This platform was officially launched March 28th last year.
Resources ‑‑ mentions primary and secondary education, higher education and so on. At the same time, there is a subplatform of 24365, college student implement service platform, which includes student learning, teaching, and education governance, education innovation, and other functions. According to the data released by the Minister of Education in May this year, more than ‑‑ ever since this platform was established, in just one year, the national smart education public service platform has received over 111.1 billion visits and has become the world's largest resource centre and service platform for digital education. The platform has linked about 529,000 schools targeting 18.4 million teachers and 291 million student, the vast majority of social learners have gathered 44,000 teaching videos from primary and secondary resources.
Smart education has received recognition from various aspects of society. And also has won the UNESCO prize in 2022. So the national smart education public service platform which has achieved such great results in such a short period of time. Very important factor in it, is that it has promoted the governance, pilot experiment, conducting pilot experiments for various levels and types nationwide. It has selected 15 provinces as pilot provinces and 15 primary and secondary schools as pilot platforms. It has selected 6 vocational schools as pilots.
And also five higher education institutions were selected as members of the pilot. And the higher education, Zhejiang University is one of the schools promoting experiments in educational governance, digital (?) Construction, digital supply of educational resources and innovation in teaching methods.
So these pilot and the programmes at different levels and dimensions have continually introduced governance innovations in their practice. Taking Zhejiang University as an example, they have taken the lead. Online built a full process training system centered on student ‑‑ rely on platforms. Such as ‑‑ ‑‑ also has built 800 smart classrooms, covering public classrooms in various schools, and has built more than 50,000 online courses. And it can also direct and record and live broadcast over 1,200 hours of courses every day.
It supports the massive online provision of teaching resources, providing student learning and across time at different areas. And building on this, it has also done some new attempts on a global scale last year, Zhejiang University launched a summer school project focusing on sustainable development for a better future and fully utilizes digital technology to build a new smart education ecosystem. It has attracted students from major universities around the world, such as Cambridge, MIT and Empyreal college of London.
Through cloud platforms and Internet, conducted thematic discussions and took various series of courses around topics such as comprehensive and inclusive development and smart cities. Total number of course views during the entire summer of 2022 reached 464,000 with an average daily visit of 1,500 per course. During the summer school, this global affiliated platform can fully integrate into the global innovation network platform of higher education. Forming a replicable and promotable platform.
Due to time limit. So I will ‑‑ I'm not going to give you a deep dive into some of the cases. Perhaps there are various explorations and experiments in China, in education governance. And they all have their realm, features, such as now, I talked about the public service platform for national smart education launched at the national level as well as the programmes we launched in the Zhejiang university. We hope together we can work ‑‑ explore innovations through experiment and governance practice so we can build a more open, inclusive and innovative society.
Resilience into the societal development. So it gives me great pleasure to have the opportunity to talk to you, and this is the end of my talk. Thank you very much for your listening.
>> ZHANG FANG: Great. Thanks for professor, wonderful talk. And now I would like to invite our final speaker, Mr Xu Zhiyuan, deputy chief of China Academy of Information and Communications Technology, to give a report, jointly promote artificial intelligence governance, from rules to practice. Welcome.
>> XU ZHIYUAN: Good afternoon, everyone. Maybe goodnight.
(Laughter)
I'm here today to talk about promoting the transition of AI governance from rules to practice. As a key driving force into new realm of tech nulodge calrevolution ‑‑ technological revolution and industrial re‑formation.
The explosive application of generative AI represented by Chat GPT, offers potential for the future development of the AI industry. Concurrently, issues such as misinformation, academic ethics, and job displacement have ignited global discussions, posing serious challenges to existing governmental regulatory systems, industry ecosystems, and global governance coordination.
Based on prior research, I'd like to share three insights. Firstly, transitioning from abstract to concrete, AI governance is involved from principles to specific rules and standards. Human centricity and fairness. Countries worldwide. Balanced approach, implementing ethical guidelines and strict legal regulations. According to the latest statistics from the OECD AI policy. Our 800 AI‑related policies have been released by 69 countries and regions. In China, guidance documents emphasizing ethics. We have introduced drafts for technological, ethical review and ethical guidelines for the financial sector. China's legislative efforts in areas like algorithm recommendation, autonomous driving, and AITC, paving the way for comprehensive, overarching AI laws. AI governance system is becoming increasingly complete.
Secondly, granting in practice, AI governance is shifting from government‑led to collaboration between government and enterprise. One from a governance models perspective, Internet Governance has become a prevalent approach, both domestically and internationally. Compared to traditional models, Agile governments emphasize frequent interactions among stakeholders and the flexible policy adjustments better suited for the rapid evolution and high uncertainty associated with new technologies.
When it comes to rural implementation, (?) At the forefront. For instance, Tik Tok introduced platform regulations for AITC and the contend labouring. And established seven tiered control risk system for AI products and service.
From a technological tool, centrepoint, the government enterprise and research institutes collaboratively advocate technology, governing technology. While the government focused on safety baseline level monitoring and detection technology.
Enterprise proactively developed governance tools like model defense techniques and the research institute has brought technologies for explorability, explainability, such as attribution algorithm.
Certainly embracing inclusive and mutual benefits, we should strive to create a new paradigm for the sustainable development of AI. Development remains a common goal in AI strategy worldwide. Nations should uphold materialism and openness in AI. Promoting shared filter for mankind.
This involves fostering cross‑culture exchanges and cooperation. Sharing Best Practice within frameworks like the United Nations G20, and BRICS. China with practical experience in areas like (?) Governance ‑‑ user right protection. Should engage in active dialogue to prevent misunderstandings. Nations should collaboratively ‑‑ interoperability. Mutual recognition of rules. Cultivate platforms share tools and open data ‑‑ and institutional voice such as AI legal status.
Intellectual property. And the liability distribution. In conclusion, AI governance has progressed from conceptual discussions to the forefront of practical exploration. I believe that AI governance should involve multiple stakeholders, address multiple, multi‑dimensional objectives, inert great diverse values ‑‑ integrate diverse values, stream on global collaboration and dialogue. And aim to establish an inclusive and shared AI governance system. My speech is not generated by Chat GPT.
(Laughter)
But the translation is assisted by it. Thank you, all.
(Applause)
>> ZHANG FANG: Yeah. Thank you, Mr Cui for the inspiring and enjoyful speech. I think right now, all of our six experts has already shared their experience in intelligent society governance, from different perspective, and based on different national experience.
I think all of us actually are inspired to think more profoundly. More than 80 years ago, the greatest ‑‑ the great thinker Albert Einstein, said that science in its meaning has never been so moral in nature and has never been so influential in the destiny of humankind. In today's society, the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology is subversively reshaping human society at unprecedented speed.
Human society must actively utilize the artificial intelligence as an emerging technology, where also tackle the riskes and challenges it brings. We hope this forum can become a new starting point for promoting intelligent society governance. We hope we can continue to strengthen international collaboration and also interdisciplinary research and make application of artificial intelligence more humanistic. More human‑centered. And better enhance human wellbeing. Thank you. I think because we have almost run out of time, and also, we are going to I think the host of the IGF already organized music party at 7:00.
So we will just end here without any Q&A. I hope you will enjoy. Thank you.
(Applause)
(Meeting Concluded).